I'd wager that a major reason for using aluminium cones is cost. Alu' is easy to form into shapes, can be made to have consistent thickness across something of any size and shape and is cheap and readily available.
There is relatively limited use of pure aluminium. It's not strong or rigid in raw form and prone to fatiguing. Consequently it's often blended with other metals to create alloys to make it suitable for its intended use. You'll see aluminium described as being of 1000 - 8000 type. The number denotes what other metals it's blended with. 1000 is pure alu', 2000 has added copper, 3000 manganese, and so on (Google something like "types of aluminium" and you'll discover what they are).
1000 is very conductive, so is typically used for electrical transmission. Being cheap, it's also used to wrap foodstuffs. 2000 alloys can be heat treated to increase strength whilst retaining lightness and so are used in things like aerospace. 3000 is easy to weld, so is used for cookware, roofing and flooring, etc.
I wonder which alloy is used/best for speaker cones. Now there's another rabbit hole for audiophiles to dive into 🙂